I-Multiparameter monitor inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ezigulini zezokwelapha ngokuqapha ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha. Ithola izimpawu ze-ECG zomzimba womuntu, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini, umfutho wegazi, imvamisa yokuphefumula, izinga lokushisa kanye nezinye izilinganiso ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sangempela, iba uhlobo lwemishini ebalulekile yokuqapha izimpawu ezibalulekile ezigulini.Yonkerkuzokwethulwa kafushane ngezinkinga ezivamile kanye namaphutha lapho kusetshenzwaimonitha yamapharamitha amaningiUkuze uthole imibuzo ethile, ungaxhumana nesevisi yamakhasimende eku-inthanethi.
1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwabaqhubi benhliziyo abane-3-lead kanye nabaqhubi be-5-lead?
A: I-electrocardiogram enama-lead amathathu ingathola kuphela i-electrocardiogram enama-lead angu-I, II, III, kuyilapho i-electrocardiogram enama-lead amahlanu ingathola i-electrocardiogram enama-lead angu-I, II, III, AVR, AVF, AVL, V.
Ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana okusheshayo, sisebenzisa indlela yokumaka imibala ukuze sinamathelise ngokushesha i-electrode endaweni efanele. Izintambo zenhliziyo ze-lead ezi-3 zinombala obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe, omnyama, obomvu; Izintambo zenhliziyo ze-lead ezi-5 zinombala omhlophe, omnyama, obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani kanye nonsundu. Izintambo zenhliziyo ezimbili ezinombala ofanayo zibekwe ezikhundleni ezahlukene ze-electrode. Kuthembeke kakhulu ukusebenzisa izifinyezo ze-RA, LA, RL, LL, C ukunquma indawo kunokufunda umbala ngekhanda.
2. Kungani kunconywa ukuthi ugqoke isembozo seminwe kuqala?
Ngenxa yokuthi ukugqoka imaski yomunwe ye-oximetry kushesha kakhulu kunokuxhuma ucingo lwe-ecg, kungaqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yesiguli kanye ne-oximetry ngesikhathi esifushane, okuvumela abasebenzi bezokwelapha ukuthi baqedele ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu eziyisisekelo zesiguli ngokushesha.
3. Ingabe isikhongozeli somunwe se-OXImetry kanye ne-sphygmomanometer cuff kungabekwa esithweni esifanayo?
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi kuzovimba futhi kuthinte ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi, okuholela ekuqapheni okungalungile kokugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini ngesikhathi sokulinganisa umfutho wegazi. Ngakho-ke, akukhuthazwa ukugqoka isikhonkwane somunwe wokugcwala komoya-mpilo kanye ne-automatic sphygmomanometer cuff esithweni esifanayo ngokwezokwelapha.
4. Ingabe ama-electrode kufanele ashintshwe uma iziguli zenza njaloI-ECGukuqapha?
Kuyadingeka ukufaka i-electrode esikhundleni sayo, uma i-electrode inamathela isikhathi eside engxenyeni efanayo kuzoholela ekuqubukeni kwamabala, amabhamuza, ngakho-ke kufanele ihlolwe isikhumba njalo, noma ngabe isikhumba samanje siphelele, kufanele futhi ufake i-electrode nendawo yokunamathela njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4, ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwesikhumba.
5. Yini okufanele siyinake ekuqapheni umfutho wegazi okungangenisi umfutho wegazi?
(1) Qaphela ukugwema ukuqapha i-fistula yangaphakathi, i-hemiplegia, izitho ezinecala elilodwa lokususwa komdlavuza webele, izitho ezine-infusion, kanye nezitho ezine-edema kanye ne-hematoma kanye nesikhumba esonakele. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe iziguli ezinomsebenzi ongemuhle wokujiya kanye nesifo se-libriform cell ukuze kugwenywe izingxabano zezokwelapha ezibangelwa ukulinganiswa komfutho wegazi.
(2) Ingxenye yokulinganisa kufanele ishintshwe njalo. Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi kufanele ishintshwe njalo emahoreni ama-4. Gwema ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo esithweni esisodwa, okuholela ekushayweni yi-purpura, ischemia kanye nokulimala kwemizwa esithweni esigudlayo nge-cuff.
(3) Lapho kulinganiswa abantu abadala, izingane kanye nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, kudingeka uqaphele ukukhethwa kanye nokulungiswa kwe-cuff kanye nenani lokucindezela. Ngoba ingcindezi esetshenziswa kubantu abadala ezinganeni nasezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa isongela ukuphepha kwezingane; Futhi uma idivayisi ibekwe kumntwana osanda kuzalwa, ngeke ilinganise umfutho wegazi womuntu omdala.
6. Ukuphefumula kutholakala kanjani ngaphandle kwe-moudel yokuqapha ukuphefumula?
Ukuphefumula esibukweni kuncike kuma-electrode e-electrocardiogram ukuze kuzwakale izinguquko ku-impedance yesifuba futhi kuboniswe isimo se-wave kanye nedatha yokuphefumula. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-electrode angaphansi kwesobunxele naphezulu kwesokudla angama-electrode azwela ukuphefumula, ukubekwa kwawo kubalulekile. Ama-electrode amabili kufanele abekwe ngokuvundlile ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kutholakale igagasi lokuphefumula elingcono kakhulu. Uma isiguli sisebenzisa ukuphefumula kwesisu ngokuyinhloko, i-electrode engezansi kwesobunxele kufanele inanyathiselwe ohlangothini lwesobunxele lapho ukujula kwesisu kugqama khona kakhulu.
7. Ungayisetha kanjani ibanga le-alamu yepharamitha ngayinye?
Izimiso zokubeka i-alamu: ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komsindo, akuvunyelwe ukuvala umsebenzi we-alamu, ngaphandle kokuthi kuvaliwe okwesikhashana ekutakuleni, ububanzi be-alamu abubekwe ebangeni elijwayelekile, kodwa kufanele bube ububanzi obuphephile.
Amapharamitha e-alamu: izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elingu-30% ngaphezu nangaphansi kwesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo yabo; Umfutho wegazi ubekwa ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha, isimo sesiguli kanye nomfutho wegazi oyisisekelo; Ukugcwala komoya-mpilo kubekwe ngokwesimo sesiguli; Umthamo we-alamu kumele uzwakale ngaphakathi kobubanzi bomsebenzi womhlengikazi; Ububanzi be-alamu kufanele bulungiswe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokwesimo futhi buhlolwe okungenani kanye ngeshifti ngayinye.
8. Yiziphi izizathu zokwehluleka kokubonakala kwe-waveform yesibonisi se-ecg monitor?
1. I-electrode ayinamathele kahle: isibonisi sibonisa ukuthi umsizi uvaliwe, okubangelwa ukuthi i-electrode ayinamathele kahle noma i-electrode ikhuhliwe ngenxa yokunyakaza kwesiguli.
2. Ukujuluka nokungcola: isiguli siyajuluka noma isikhumba asihlanzekile, okungelula ukuhambisa ugesi, okubangela ukuthintana kabi ne-electrode ngokungaqondile.
3. Izinkinga zekhwalithi ye-electrode yenhliziyo: amanye ama-electrode agcinwe ngendlela engafanele, aphelelwe yisikhathi noma aguga.
4. Iphutha lekhebula: Ikhebula liyaguga noma liphukile.
6. I-electrode ayifakwanga kahle.
7. IKHEBULI exhuma ebhodini le-ECG noma ebhodini lokulawula eliYINHLOKO noma ebhodini lokulawula eliyinhloko inephutha.
8. Ucingo olungaphansi komhlaba olungaxhunywanga: ucingo olungaphansi komhlaba ludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubonisweni okuvamile kwesimo samagagasi, hhayi ucingo olungaphansi komhlaba, nakho kuyisici esibangela isimo samagagasi.
9. Akukho modi yokuma kwe-monitha:
1. Isheke:
Okokuqala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-electrode inamathiselwe kahle yini, ukuhlola indawo ye-electrode yenhliziyo, ikhwalithi ye-electrode yenhliziyo, nokuthi ngabe kunenkinga ngentambo yokuxhuma ngokusekelwe ekunamatheleni kwe-electrode nekhwalithi. Ukuhlola ukuthi izinyathelo zokuxhuma zilungile yini, nokuthi ngabe imodi yokuxhuma ye-opharetha ixhunyiwe ngokwendlela yokuxhuma ye-monitor ye-ECG, ukuze kugwenywe indlela yokonga yedayagramu evilaphayo yokuxhuma izixhumanisi ezinhlanu izixhumanisi ezintathu kuphela.
Uma ikhebula lesignali le-ECG lingabuyi ngemva kokulungiswa kwephutha, mhlawumbe ikhebula lesignali le-ECG ebhodini lesokhethi lepharamitha lingaxhumani kahle, noma ikhebula lokuxhuma noma ibhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko phakathi kwebhodi le-ECG nebhodi lokulawula eliyinhloko linephutha.
2. Isibuyekezo:
1. Hlola zonke izingxenye zangaphandle zokuhambisa umoya (izintambo ezintathu/ezinhlanu ezixhumene nomzimba womuntu kufanele zihambise umoya kumaphini amathathu/ezinhlanu ahambisanayo kupulaki ye-ECG. Uma ukumelana kungenamkhawulo, intambo eholayo kufanele ishintshwe). Indlela: ukukhipha intambo yokuhambisa umoya, qondanisa ubuso obuqondile bepulaki yentambo eholayo nomsele wejekethi "yokuhambisa umoya" kuphaneli engaphambili yekhompyutha ephetheyo,
2, Shintshanisa le ntambo ye-ECG neminye imishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intambo ye-ECG iyahluleka, ukuguga kwentambo, umonakalo wephini.
3. Uma isiteshi se-waveform sesibonisi se-ecg sibonisa ukuthi "akukho ukwamukelwa kwesiginali", kukhombisa ukuthi kunenkinga ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwemodyuli yokulinganisa ye-ECG kanye ne-host. Uma umlayezo usaboniswa ngemva kokuvala nokuqalisa kabusha, udinga ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki.
3. Isheke:
1. Izinyathelo zokuxhuma kufanele zibe zilungile:
A. Sula izikhundla ezi-5 ezithile zomzimba womuntu ngesihlabathi ku-electrode, bese usebenzisa i-ethanol engu-75% ukuhlanza ubuso bendawo yokulinganisa, ukuze ususe amabala esikhumba kanye nokujuluka esikhumbeni somuntu futhi uvimbele ukuthintana okubi ne-electrode.
B. Xhuma ikhanda le-electrode lentambo ye-electrocardioconductance ne-electrode ephezulu yama-electrode ama-5.
C. Ngemva kokuba i-ethanol iguquguquka ibe hlanzekile, namathisela ama-electrode ama-5 endaweni ethile ngemva kokuhlanza ukuze axhumane ngokuthembekile futhi angawi.
2. Inkulumo-ze kanye nemfundo ephathelene neziguli nemindeni yazo: tshela iziguli nabanye abasebenzi ukuthi bangadonsi ucingo lwe-electrode kanye nocingo lwe-lead, futhi utshele iziguli nezihlobo zazo ukuthi zingasebenzisi futhi zilungise i-monitha ngaphandle kwemvume, okungase kubangele umonakalo kudivayisi. Ezinye iziguli namalungu emindeni yazo zinomuzwa wemfihlakalo nokuthembela ku-monitha, futhi izinguquko ze-monitha zizobangela ukukhathazeka nokwesaba. Abasebenzi bobuhlengikazi kufanele benze umsebenzi omuhle wencazelo eyanele, edingekayo, ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wobuhlengikazi ojwayelekile, kuthinte ubudlelwano bomhlengikazi nesiguli.
3. Naka ukunakekelwa kwemonitha uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside. I-electrode kulula ukuyilahla ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, okuthinta ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yokuqapha. Shintsha i-3-4D kanye; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola futhi unake ukuhlanzwa kanye nokubulawa kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ehlobo elishisayo.
4. Uma kutholakala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kudivayisi ngesikhathi senqubo yokubuyekeza nokuqapha ukulungiswa ngabasebenzi abangochwepheshe, kungcono ukucela abasebenzi abangochwepheshe belabhorethri ye-ECG ukuthi babuyekeze futhi baxilonge, futhi banakekele ngabasebenzi abangochwepheshe bomkhiqizi.
5. Xhuma ucingo olusemhlabathini uma uxhuma. Indlela: Xhuma isiphetho ngethusi elifakwe ephepheni lomhlabathi kuphaneli yangemuva ye-host.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-01-2022
