Ukuqapha kwesiguli kungabonisa ngokuguqukayo izinguquko zokushaya kwenhliziyo yesiguli, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, ukuphefumula, ukugcwala komoyampilo wesiguli kanye neminye imingcele, futhi ungumsizi omuhle wokusiza abasebenzi bezokwelapha ukuba baqonde isimo sesiguli. Kodwa iziguli eziningi nemindeni yazo aziqondi, ngokuvamile zinemibuzo noma imizwelo ethusayo, futhi manje sesingakwazi ukuqonda ndawonye.
01 Izingxenye zokuqapha kwe-ECG
Imonitha yesiguli yakhiwe isikrini esikhulu, umthofu wokulinganisa umfutho wegazi (uxhunywe ku-cuff), umthofu wokulinganisa komoyampilo wegazi (uxhunywe kusiqeshana se-oxygen yegazi), umthofu wokulinganisa we-electrocardiogram (uxhunywe eshidini le-electrode), umthofu wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa kanye nepulaki yamandla.
Isikrini esikhulu sokuqapha isiguli singahlukaniswa ngezindawo ezi-5:
1) Indawo yolwazi oluyisisekelo, okuhlanganisa usuku, isikhathi, inombolo yombhede, ulwazi lwe-alamu, njll.
2) Indawo yokulungiswa komsebenzi, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kokuqapha kwe-ECG, le ndawo isetshenziswa abasebenzi bezokwelapha, iziguli kanye namalungu omndeni abakwazi ukushintsha ngokuthanda kwabo.
3) Ukushintsha kwamandla, inkomba yamandla;
I-4) Indawo ye-Waveform, ngokwezimpawu ezibalulekile futhi idwebe umdwebo okhiqiziwe we-waveform, ingabonisa ngokuqondile ukuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo kwezimpawu ezibalulekile;
5) Indawo yepharamitha: indawo yokubonisa yezimpawu ezibalulekile njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, izinga lokuphefumula kanye nomoya-mpilo wegazi.
Okulandelayo, ake siqonde indawo yepharamitha, nayo ebaluleke kakhulu ezigulini zethu kanye nemindeni yazo ukuqonda "izimpawu ezibalulekile" zeziguli.
02Indawo yepharamitha ---- izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli
Izimpawu ezibalulekile, igama lezokwelapha, zihlanganisa: izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, umfutho wegazi, umoya-mpilo wegazi. Ku-monitor ye-ECG, singakwazi ukuqonda ngokunembile izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli.
Lapha sizokuthatha ngecala lesiguli esifanayo.
Ukubukaamanani avelele kakhulu, ngalesi sikhathi izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli yilezi: izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: i-83 beats / min, i-blood oxygen saturation: 100%, ukuphefumula: 25 beats / min, blood pressure: 96 / 70mmHg.
Abangane abaqaphile bangase bakwazi ukusho
Ngokuvamile, inani elingakwesokudla kwe-ECG esilijwayele izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu, futhi i-waveform yamanzi iwukugcwala komoyampilo wethu wegazi nokuphefumula, uhla olujwayelekile lokugcwala komoyampilo wegazi luyi-95-100%, kanye nobubanzi obujwayelekile. Ukuphefumula izikhathi ezingu-16-20/min. Zombili zihluke kakhulu futhi zingahlulelwa ngokuqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi ngokuvamile uhlukaniswa ube yi-systolic ne-diastolic blood pressure, ngokuvamile amanani amabili avela eceleni, i-systolic blood pressure ngaphambili, i-diastolic blood pressure ngemuva.
03Izinyathelo zokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kweisiguli qapha
Ngokuqonda isinyathelo sangaphambilini, sesingakwazi kakade ukuhlukanisa ukuthi inani elimelwe entweni yokuqapha lisho ukuthini. Manje ake siqonde ukuthi lezi zinombolo zisho ukuthini.
Isilinganiso senhliziyo
Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo - limelela inani lezikhathi lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngomzuzu.
Inani elivamile labantu abadala lithi: 60-100 izikhathi/min.
Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo < 60 beats/min, izimo ezijwayelekile zomzimba zivamile kubasubathi, asebekhulile njalonjalo; Izimo ezingavamile zivame ukubonakala ku-hypothyroidism, isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nesimo sokushona.
Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo> i-100 beats/min, izimo ezivamile zomzimba zivame ukubonakala ekuzilolongeni, injabulo, isimo sokucindezeleka, izimo ezingavamile zivame ukubonakala kumkhuhlane, ukushaqeka kokuqala, isifo senhliziyo, i-hyperthyroidism, njll.
Ukugcwala komoyampilo wegazi
Ukugcwala komoyampilo - ukugcwala komoyampilo egazini - kusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi une-hypoxic noma cha. Inani elivamile le-oxygen yegazi: 95% -100%.
Ukuncipha kwe-oxygen saturation ngokuvamile kubonakala ekuvinjweni kwendlela yokuphefumula, izifo zokuphefumula nezinye izimbangela ze-dyspnea, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula.
Izinga lokuphefumula
Izinga lokuphefumula - limele inani lokuphefumula ngomzuzu inani elivamile labantu abadala: 16-20 ukuphefumula ngomzuzu.
Ukuphefumula okungaphansi kwezikhathi eziyi-12/min kubizwa nge-bradyapnea, evame ukubonakala ekwenyukeni kwengcindezi ye-intracranial, ubuthi be-barbiturate kanye nesimo sokushona.
Ukuphefumula> izikhathi ezingu-24/min, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperrespiration, evame ukubonakala kumkhuhlane, ubuhlungu, i-hyperthyroidism nokunye.
* Imojula yokuqapha ukuphefumula yokuqapha kwe-ECG ivame ukuphazamisa isibonisi ngenxa yokunyakaza kwesiguli noma ezinye izizathu, futhi kufanele ibe ngaphansi kokukalwa kokuphefumula okwenziwa ngesandla.
Ukushaya kwegazi
Umfutho wegazi - Umfutho wegazi ojwayelekile kubantu abadala yi-systolic: 90-139mmHg, i-diastolic: 60-89mmHg. Ukwehliswa komfutho wegazi, izimo ezivamile zomzimba ebuthongweni, indawo yokushisa ephezulu, njll., izimo ezingavamile zivamile: ukushaqeka ukopha, isimo esiseduze nokufa.
Ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, izimo ezijwayelekile zomzimba zibonakala: ngemva kokuzivocavoca, injabulo, izimo ezingavamile zibonakala ku-hypertension, izifo ze-cerebrovascular;
Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukunemba kokulinganisa kweqapha le-ECG, futhi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele zizochazwa ngezansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2023
