I-monitor yesiguli ingabonisa ngokuguquguqukayo izinguquko zesilinganiso senhliziyo yesiguli, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, ukuphefumula, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo wegazi kanye nezinye izilinganiso. Ama-monitor eziguli aphathekayo asetshenziswa kabanzi ngochwepheshe bezokwelaphaukuqapha amapharamitha ezinsana, izingane noma abantu abadala. Kodwa iziguli eziningi kanye nemindeni yazo aziqondi, zivame ukuba nemibuzo noma imizwa yokwethuka, futhi manje sesiyaqondana ndawonye ekugcineni.
01 Izingxenye zesikrini se-ECG
Isikrini sesiguli sakhiwe ngesikrini esiyinhloko, i-lead yokulinganisa umfutho wegazi (exhunywe ku-cuff), i-lead yokulinganisa umoya-mpilo wegazi (exhunywe ku-clip ye-oxygen yegazi), i-lead yokulinganisa i-electrocardiogram (exhunywe kushidi le-electrode), i-lead yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa kanye ne-power plug.
Isikrini esikhulu sesikrini sesiguli singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-5:
1) Indawo yolwazi oluyisisekelo, okuhlanganisa usuku, isikhathi, inombolo yombhede, ulwazi lwe-alamu, njll.
2) Indawo yokulungisa umsebenzi, esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuguqulwa kokuqapha kwe-ECG, le ndawo isetshenziswa ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha, iziguli namalungu omndeni abakwazi ukushintsha ngokuthanda kwabo.
3) Iswishi yamandla, inkomba yamandla;
4) Indawo ye-waveform, ngokwezimpawu ezibalulekile futhi idwebe umdwebo we-waveform okhiqizwe, ingabonisa ngqo ukushintshashintsha okuguquguqukayo kwezimpawu ezibalulekile;
5) Indawo yepharamitha: indawo ekhombisa izimpawu ezibalulekile njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, izinga lokuphefumula kanye nomoya-mpilo wegazi.
Okulandelayo, ake siqonde indawo yepharamitha, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iziguli zethu kanye nemindeni yazo ziqonde "izimpawu ezibalulekile" zeziguli.
02Indawo yepharamitha ---- izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli
Izimpawu ezibalulekile, igama lezokwelapha, zifaka: izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, umfutho wegazi, umoya-mpilo wegazi. Esibukweni se-ECG, singaziqonda ngokwemvelo izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli.
Lapha sizokuchazela ngesimo sesiguli esifanayo.
UkubukaAmanani avelele kakhulu, ngalesi sikhathi izimpawu ezibalulekile zesiguli yilezi: izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: ukushaya okungu-83/min, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini: 100%, ukuphefumula: ukushaya okungu-25/min, umfutho wegazi: 96/70mmHg.
Abangane abaqaphelayo bangase bakwazi ukusho
Ngokuvamile, inani elingakwesokudla kwe-ECG esilijwayele ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu, kanti ukuma kwamanzi kuwukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini lethu kanye nokuphefumula, izinga elijwayelekile lokugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini lingu-95-100%, kanti izinga elijwayelekile lokuphefumula liyizikhathi ezingu-16-20/min. Lokhu okubili kuhlukile kakhulu futhi kungahlulelwa ngokuqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi ngokuvamile uhlukaniswe ngomfutho wegazi we-systolic kanye nowe-diastolic, ngokuvamile kuvela amanani amabili eceleni, umfutho wegazi we-systolic ngaphambili, umfutho wegazi we-diastolic ngemuva.
03Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokusebenzisaisiguli imonitha
Ngokuqonda isinyathelo esedlule, sesivele singakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukuthi inani elimelelwe ethuluzini lokuqapha lisho ukuthini. Manje ake siqonde ukuthi lezi zinombolo zisho ukuthini.
Isilinganiso senhliziyo
Isilinganiso senhliziyo - simelela inani lezikhathi inhliziyo eshaya ngazo ngomzuzu.
Inani elijwayelekile kubantu abadala: izikhathi ezingu-60-100 ngomzuzu.
Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo <60 beats/min, izimo ezijwayelekile zomzimba zivame kakhulu kubadlali, asebekhulile njalo njalo; Amacala angajwayelekile avame ukubonakala ku-hypothyroidism, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesimo sokusondela ekufeni.
Isilinganiso senhliziyo esingaphezu kuka-100 beats/min, izimo ezijwayelekile zomzimba zivame ukubonakala ekuzivocavoceni, enjabulweni, esimweni sokucindezeleka, izimo ezingavamile zivame ukubonakala emfiva, ukushaqeka kwasekuqaleni, isifo senhliziyo, i-hyperthyroidism, njll.
Ukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini
Ukugcwala komoya-mpilo - ukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini - kusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi unesifo somoya-mpilo noma cha. Inani elijwayelekile lomoya-mpilo egazini lingu: 95%-100%.
Ukwehla kokugcwala komoya-mpilo kuvame ukubonakala ekuvinjweni komoya, ezifweni zokuphefumula kanye nezinye izimbangela zokuphelelwa umoya, ukwehluleka kokuphefumula.
Izinga lokuphefumula
Izinga lokuphefumula - limelela inani lokuphefumula ngomzuzu inani elijwayelekile kubantu abadala: ukuphefumula okungu-16-20 ngomzuzu.
Ukuphefumula okungaphansi kwezikhathi eziyi-12/umzuzu kubizwa ngokuthi i-bradyapnea, okuvame ukubonakala ekucindezelekeni okukhulu kwangaphakathi kobuchopho, ubuthi be-barbiturate kanye nesimo sokusondela ekufeni.
Ukuphefumula okungaphezu kuka-24/umzuzu, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperrespiration, okuvame ukubonakala emfiva, ubuhlungu, i-hyperthyroidism njalo njalo.
* Imojuli yokuqapha ukuphefumula yesikrini se-ECG ivame ukuphazamisa ukuboniswa ngenxa yokunyakaza kwesiguli noma ezinye izizathu, futhi kufanele ihlolwe ukuphefumula ngesandla.
Ukushaya kwegazi
Umfutho wegazi - Umfutho wegazi ojwayelekile kubantu abadala yi-systolic: 90-139mmHg, i-diastolic: 60-89mmHg. Ukwehla komfutho wegazi, izimo zomzimba ezijwayelekile lapho ulele, indawo enokushisa okuphezulu, njll., izimo ezingavamile zivamile: ukushaqeka kwegazi, isimo sokusondela ekufeni.
Ukwanda komfutho wegazi, izimo ezijwayelekile zomzimba ziyabonakala: ngemva kokuvivinya umzimba, ukujabula, izimo ezingavamile zibonakala kumfutho wegazi ophakeme, izifo ze-cerebrovascular;
Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukunemba kokulinganisa kwesiqaphi se-ECG, futhi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele zizochazwa ngezansi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-14-2023
